Turkish kurdistan map pdf

In modern times, the turkish army has fought against guerilla forces of the kurdistan workers party pkk. Throughout their history they have remained under the thumb of various conquerors and nations. Nearly 8590 percent of the kurds that make up the diaspora come from turkish kurdistan. In the eastern jazira canton aka cizire and the central kobane canton, kurds constitute a slight majority of the population. Map depicting various territorial claims of kurdistan. Unbelievable kurdistan official tourism site of kurdistan.

Who are the kurds, and why is turkey attacking them. Yet despite all of this, the escalating conflict currently being waged between the pkk and turkey has created yet another tinderbox in the region. The maps disregard history past 200 years and are based primarily on places with significant kurdish populations instead of historical and ethnic related lands. Attacks in turkey and clashes with kurdish groups significantly increased in 2016. Oct 14, 2019 the turkish military says the operation aims to create a safe zone in kurdishheld territory. The most areas of the mountains in kurdistan are very dry in the summer while cooling down, in the winter and spring. Following major social changes associated with the commercialization of agriculture since the 1950s, there were outbreaks of violence in kurdistan during the 1970s, generally linked with the activities of the revolutionary left.

Kurdistan or greater kurdistan is a roughly defined geocultural historical region wherein the. Turkey s military has begun an operation in northern syria to clear usbacked kurdish forces away from its border. Since the early 20th century, the region has been divided between turkey, iran, syria, and iraq, all of which have repressed, often brutally, their kurdish minority. Turkeys syria offensive explained in four maps bbc news.

Pdf the political geography of kurdistan researchgate. The public security situation also worsened, notably in the kurdish provinces of the southeast. In southern kurdistan there is a kurdish autonomous region with its own regional government. Turkey ties, always complicated, appear to have reached crisis levels in the summer of 2018.

History of the kurds the kurdistan memory programme. Kashgharis father, hussein, was the mayor of barskon, a town now in the northeastern country of kyrgyzstan. Iraqi kurdistan first gained autonomous status in a 1970 agreement with the iraqi government, and. The kurdish minority issue has been most politically troublesome and challenging. Indeed, turkish kurds had increasingly begun to articulate nationalist demands and the turkish based kurdistan workers party pkk insurgents had ensconced themselves in northern iraqs uncontrolled areas. In contrast, the jews of kurdistan until their great exodus in 195051 lived mainly in the iraqi region 146 communities, some in the iranian region 19 communities, and only a few in turkey 11 communities. The low point came under saddam hussein when the iraqi government engaged in outright genocide against parts of the kurdish population. Northern mountainous regions along iranian and turkish borders experience cold winters with occasionally heavy snows whichmelt in early spring. Turkey a region referred to as kurdistan by ethnic kurds and their supporters. Kurdish fighters in northern syria have served as a crucial u. Visit the kurdish projects interactive map to explore this turkish kurdistan. Kurdistan kurdistan kurdistan is an extensive plateau and mountainous area in middle east, inhabited mainly by kurds.

It borders iran to the east, turkey to the north, syria to the west and the rest of iraq to the south. Turkey, iran, and iraq issued a joint statement condemning the iraqi kurdistan independence referendum. The kurdish minority issue in the context of integration. As far as the united states is concerned, regional reactions to an independent kurdistan may not produce greater instability in the region if kurdish independence takes place in a gradual manner or. The major findings are that despite their commonalities, kurdish national narratives are undermined by the factionalism and sectarianism woven. Terms like iraqi kurdistan, turkish kurdistan, iranian kurdistan etc. Turkish kurdistan encompasses a large area of eastern anatolia region and southeastern anatolia of turkey and it is home to an estimated 6 to 8 million kurds. The kurds of iraq have also engaged in a struggle against their government. It has influenced domestic and foreign policies of turkey in a very effective way in the 1990s. The turkish military says the operation aims to create a safe zone in kurdish held territory.

Turkish kurdistan, 1920 as proposed by the treaty of sevres kurdistan, 1945 conference of san francisco kurdistan, 1945 conference of san francisco kurdistan, 1945 conference of san francisco division of kurdistan after the civil war, 2003. This is the first report by human rights watch on the kurdish minority in syria. General information unbelievable kurdistan official. Kurdistan 7 essentials demographics the kurdistan region is composed of an ethnically diverse populace that includes kurds, arabs, assyrians, chaldeans, turkmen, and armenians. General facts unbelievable kurdistan official tourism. Turkeykurdish regional government relations after the u. In 1988 the iraqi army launched a ferocious attack on kurdish communities south of the turkish border. The region is officially governed by the kurdistan regional government. Kurdistan s name put on a world map by a turk in arabic in bagdad in 1072 a political cartography approach by dr. To this day, 4 citiessirnak, cukurca,kulp and vartohave been. The party of iraqi president jalal talabani, the patriotic union of kurdistan puk, is now in third place.

The regional capital is erbil, also known as hawler. It ignores turkish controlled kurdistan and irancontrolled kurdistan. The kurds have lived in a mountainous, roughly 74,000squaremile region known as kurdistan for the past two millennia. Turkey also hopes to resettle, in the zone, up to two. Spanning portions of where the nationstates of iraq, iran, turkey, and syria. Today, the pyd controls a territory in which about 2 million people live but only 60 percent are kurdish see policywatch 2528, ethnic cleansing threatens syrias unity. Turkish business in the kurdistan region of iraq mercantile culture of companies in turkey and the kri contributed to the rapid expansion of economic interdependence between ankara and erbil. After the truce with the pkk, the turkish government was confronted with some kind of hybrid nationalist political warfare. The system of double taxation sparked new found enmity between turkish chieftains aga and the armenians and kurds agrarian community who perceived kurdish taxation as exploitation.

Kurdistan, sparing us forces a risky helicopter airlift. After operation euphrates shield 2016 and operation olive branch 2018 in syria, the turkish army commenced a ground offensive in the hakurk and zap regions of northern iraq, culminating in its kandil operation also 2018. On september 25, a referendum will be held on the future. Block diagram shows kurdish inhabited areas in iraq, turkey, and iran. The kurds, constituting one of the oldest nations of the middle east, are in the spotlight in 2014 as they fiercely defend their territory against attacks by islamic state, with the syrian kurdish town of kobane becoming a symbol of kurdish persistence and emerging unity. This section holds copies of original general maps more than 70. The prospect of a kurdish nation the kurdistan region of iraq kri emerging as an autonomous region within iraq and possibly an independent state was viewed as an existential threat to the unitary nature of the republic of turkey. In june 2015, a kurdishbacked political party, the peoples democratic party hdp, threatened the islamist grip on turkey and redrew the political map of the turkish society. Smaller number of kurdish families live in almost every other country in the world including slovakia and the czech republic. Yet to the extent that the kurdish regional constitution reflects the aspirations of the kurdish people, as opposed to a wholly hortatory document like the soviet constitution, which was beautifully written, then the kurds have made a start of it. The map shows turkey, officially the republic of turkey, a country on the anatolian peninsula in western asia with a small enclave in thrace in the balkan region of southeastern europe.

See the articles on turkey, western iran and syria for information regarding the other regions of kurdistan. It covers large parts of eastern turkey, northern iraq, northwestern iran and smaller parts of northern syria and armenia. Free kurdistan the kurdish city of dohuk the baath partys legacy. It is now the secondmost powerful political party after the kurdistan democratic party kdp, which has 38 seats and is the party of president massoud barzani. But, as the existence of a kurdish project for territorial autonomy has no place within the turkish political imaginary, a real dialogue between the kurdish community. Kurds form the predominant ethnic group the kurdish institute of paris estimates that there are 20 million kurds living in turkey, the majority of them in kurdistan. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. The kurdish population of syria is that countrys largest ethnic minority, comprising between 7% and 10% of the countrys population according to most sources. Since then, northern iraqi kurdistan has witnessed growing turkish military air and ground activity against pkk targets. Moreover, turkey was a member of nato and syria was a member of opposite side the warsaw pact. Siirt spelled sert in kurdish is a city in the kurdish region of turkey, and the seat of siirt province. Iraqi kurdistan or the kurdistan region is an autonomous region of iraq. Includes location map, graphs showing agriculture and rainfall, col.

The kurdish uprising the heady days of the uprising. Much depends on the ability of the authorities in the states with kurdish minorities iraq, turkey, iran and syria to resolve the kurdish problem within their countries justly and peacefully with due consideration for the national identity of this multimillion person ethnic group. Kurdistan s target audience is prominent business community visiting kurdistan. Siirt dates back to the 10th century ad and is known for its display of ancient architecture that remains from this time period. It roughly includes zagros and eastern taurus mountain ranges. Conflict between turkey and armed kurdish groups global.

They were tied together and shot so they fell into mass graves. Mild to cool winters with dry, hot, cloudless summers. The leadership of modern turkey has historically viewed its relations with the iraqi kurds through a traditional security lens. In march, the pkk releases eight turkish soldiers and civil servants. It details the premium hotels, restaurants, health clubs, luxury brands, and shopping centers of the region.

Kermanshah qasre shirin borujerdarbil dahuka s 36 s u l a y m a n i y a h karbalaan najaf al basrah maysana l f a l l u j a h d a s t s a m a w a h a hal basrah. More specifically, these maps frequently marginalized the kurds by questioning. U5 available also through the library of congress web site as a raster image. Per below, the population of kurds in the united states may be as high as 35,000. This is the reason why syria gave a protection to abdullah ocalan, who was a communist leader of the kurdistan workers party enemy number 1 for turkish government. Sep 21, 2017 why is turkey so disjointed over the iraqi kurds. The curious incident of the turkish military base in. Fleeing towards turkey, the villagers of kureme found their route blocked by iraqi soldiers and were captured. Cartographically constructing kurdistan within geopolitical and.

Koohzad figure 1 is a world map drafted by mahmud ibn hussein ibn muhammad al kashghari 10051102. Turkish kurdistan workers party pkk terrorist movement, the ypg has been pivotal to the antiisis campaign, and u. Central intelligence agency, unless otherwise indicated. Even though erdogans government itself has negotiated with the pkk, the turkish president justifies the invasion on the grounds that turkey will not allow the creation of a terrorist state on its borders. The male villagers were put in front of a firing squad yet six survived to tell their story. This ethnographic research examines the role of islam in modern kurdish society in iraq and turkey. He was related to the turkish qarakhanid ruling dynasty.

We are planning of fly to mardin in turkey and cross the border to kurdistan as the erbil airport and sulimani airports are shut. Unidentified iranian forces engaged in crossborder shelling targeting the juman district of arbil province in kurdistan region of iraq. And their openness to input from many quadrants is encouraging. The kurdish region of turkey has rich culture, history and values. Russias stance on the kurdish problem new eastern outlook. Visit the kurdish projects interactive map to explore the kurdish regions in iran, iraq, turkey and syria. The majority of the muslim population of kurdistan lives in turkey, another part in iran, and the smallest part in iraq. Hundreds of thousands of men, women and children were executed during a systematic attempt to exterminate the kurdish population in iraq in the anfal operations in the late 1980s. Kurdistan maps, map, carte, maps of kurdistan kurdistan map, people map, carte of kurdistan. The kurdish languages are part of the indoeuropean family and belong to the iranian subgroup, including persian, pashto, and baloch.

The british did so in turkish kurdistan in the 1920s, and the united states is doing so now in syria, where it supports kurdish peoples protection units to wage a proxy war against the islamic state. When armenian spokesmen confronted the turkish aga, it brought about enmity between both populations during which the events at sason and moush 1893 occurred. There are another 9 to 12 million turkish citizens of kurdish descent in predominantly turkish regions of turkey as the majority of turkish kurds no longer live in southeastern anatolia. Their towns and villages were attacked by chemical weapons, and. Put on a world map by a turk in arabic in bagdad in 1072 a. Keep track of the latest developments on the center for preventive actions global conflict tracker. Trip planning, top tourist sites, offline viewing, and much more, for free. Rojavas sustainability and the pkks regional strategy. This page was last edited on 12 february 2019, at 19. He even invited krg president masoud barzani to turkey, where the kurdish leader delivered a historic speech under turkish. A comparison of kurdish educational language policy in two situations of occupation article pdf available in genocide studies and prevention 31.

There are other turkish speakers throughout europe and central asia. Kurdistan workers party pkk, militant kurdish nationalist organization founded by abdullah ocalan in the late 1970s. Kurds in each state, such as iraqi kurdistan northern iraq, turkish kurdistan south. The population of the kurdistan region is skewed young, with 36% aged 014 years and only 4% aged over 63. Kurdish nationalism in turkey is not a simple expression of discontent, but a movement that demands changing the boundaries of the turkish entity to make room.

There are more than 70 million people who speak turkish, primarily living in turkey, northern cyprus, and cyprus. Kaya a thesis submitted to the department of international relations of the london school of economics for the degree of doctor of philosophy, london, june 2012. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Relations congressional research service r468 version 64 updated 1 introduction and issues for congress u. Kurdistan, kurdish nationalism and international society by zeynep n. I know that coming via airport this year one could get a thirty date visa to stay in kurdistan but now, i need to visit family at christmas in dohuk, can we still cross. Looks like it was drawn based on a map of the areas currently controlled by kurdish forces, rather than historically kurdish areas or areas where kurds live now. The main portion of the turkish state is located on the anatolia peninsula, also known as asia minor, the westernmost part of asia. Turkey s claim of a connection between the pkk and the syrian kurds is not.

Iraqi kurdistan kurdistan refers to portions of turkey, iraq, iran and syria, however only the iraqi region of kurdistan is discussed here. Kurdistan is a geocultural region wherein the kurds have historically formed a prominent majority population, and kurdish culture, language, and national identity have historically been based. In june 2015, a kurdish backed political party, the peoples democratic party hdp, threatened the islamist grip on turkey and redrew the political map of the turkish society. I was looking at maps of the proposed kurdistan and they seem ridiculous.